Neuropathy Overview
Peripheral neuropathy is a general term referring to disorders of peripheral nerves. The peripheral nervous system is made up of the nerves that branch out of the spinal cord to all parts of the body.
Peripheral nerve cells have three main parts: cell body, axons, and dendrites (nerve/muscle junctions). Any part of the nerve can be affected, but damage to axons is most common. The axon transmits signals from nerve cell to nerve cell or muscle. Most axons are surrounded by a substance called myelin, which facilitates signal transmission.
Peripheral neuropathy can be associated with poor nutrition, a number of diseases (including diabetes), and pressure or trauma. Many people suffer from the disorder without ever identifying the cause.
Incidence and Prevalence of Neuropathy
Peripheral neuropathy affects at least 20 million people in the United States. Nearly 60% of all people with diabetes suffer from diabetic neuropathy.
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Original Date of Publication: 01 Jan 2000
Reviewed by: Sandeep K. Aggarwal, M.D., Stanley J. Swierzewski, III, M.D.
Last Reviewed: 23 Jul 2007
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